Dzongkha is Bhutan's official language that is widely spoken all over the country. The language is based on the same script as the Tibetan language but is distinct from it. English is widely spoken and used in education, signage, and media. Classical Tibetan (Chokey) is taught in monastic schools.
Eastern Bhutan predominantly speaks Sharchop, while Nepali is common in the south. Several other regional languages exist, sometimes creating communication barriers within the country. Examples of these diverse languages include Bumthangkha, Khengkha, Kirtoep, Mangdep, and Dzala.
Buddhism, introduced in the 8th century by Guru Padmasambhava, is practiced by approximately 70% of the population. Hinduism is followed by the Lhotshampas, descendants of Nepalese migrants. Bhutan's landscape is dotted with dzongs, monasteries, and stupas, reflecting a vibrant spiritual culture.
Prayer flags are common sights, and most households have a prayer room or altar where annual rituals are performed.